Information Technology as an Element of Competitive Advantage Term Paper

Data Technology as an Element of Competitive Advantage - Term Paper Example Another case of an organization that utilizes IT as a component of upper hand is Amazon. The board imagines that it should embed new administrations to its Web website to draw the enthusiasm of clients constantly. Amazon continually upgrades the presence of its Web pages and the scope of items/administrations it offers. It progresses from being a straightforward book retailer to a complex supplier of â€Å"best-vender records, readers’ audits, and authors’ interviews† (Oz, 2008, 57); offering a strikingly wide exhibit of buyer items/administrations. The consistent advancements assist Amazon with continuing its driving position and upper hand in Internet retailing. However, all of these highlights has been duplicated by contenders. Amazon at that point chose to include Web facilitating administrations into their rundown of contributions.  There are two different ways of misusing data innovation to achieve upper hand: first, as a significant item/administration o ffered to clients; and, second, as a hierarchical reinforcement for item/administration which is impalpable to the clients. With exceptionally innovative items/administrations, it is normally dubious to continue an upper hand, in light of the fact that, as over and over referenced above, contenders are acceptable imitators. This might be explicitly real in its field (Zoephel, 2011). For example, the future of items/benefits in various innovation based organizations, similar to PCs or semiconductors, is brief. Cutting edge organizations mean to build up another item or an adjusted one.... Data innovation can support an association keep up upper hand in the event that it ceaselessly changes and improves the framework, constructing a dynamic and supreme objective for contenders (Oz, 2008). An ideal outline is an online carrier reservation siteâ€American Airlines’ Saber. During the 1950s, the framework was made. Yet, in the last piece of the 1970s, the framework was re-made to offer a progressively helpful support for trip specialists, online reservation. Notwithstanding, the organization built up the Agency Data Systems- - an office computerization framework for trip specialists (Oz, 2008, 236). The booking site as of now incorporates limousine rentals, train tickets, vehicle rentals, lodging reservations, and theater plans. At the point when the Internet in the end turned out to be generally open, the booking webpage was redeveloped to give voyagers the alternative to sign in to Saber from the solace of their own homes or workstation. The site has been truly beneficial that in quite a while Saber produced more benefit from IT than from its aircraft administrations. Another case of an organization that utilizes IT as a component of upper hand is Amazon. The executives believes that it should embed new administrations to its Web website to draw the enthusiasm of clients routinely. Amazon continually upgrades the presence of its Web pages and the scope of items/administrations it offers. It progresses from being a straightforward book shop to a modern supplier of â€Å"best-merchant records, readers’ audits, and authors’ interviews† (Oz, 2008, 57); offering an astoundingly wide exhibit of customer items/administrations. The consistent improvements assist Amazon with supporting its driving position and upper hand in Internet retailing. However, all of these

Ishmael Beah’s Families free essay sample

Familys in a childs life has the most effect on them. It tells them the best way to grow up and who to trust. In the book â€Å"A Long Way Home† by Ismael Beah, is a genuine journal about a kid named Ismael Beah who grows up with numerous battles and no family. He was uniquely around twelve years of age when he was performing at a rap gathering and his town was assaulted by the Civil War in Sierra Leone leaving him and his gathering of companions destitute without their families. While they are distant from everyone else they battle discovering food and a haven in various towns. While Ishmael isâ looking for his family in various towns, he is caught by Lieutenant Jabati which transforms him into a kid officer executing guiltless individuals and making him dependent on drugs. He is then found by UNICEF which places him in recovery to assist him with finding a future and fix what has befallen him previously. We will compose a custom exposition test on Ishmael Beah’s Families or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Be that as it may, it was difficult for him to communicate, until he finds a medical caretaker named Esther who causes him communicate by giving him a walkman with rap; which helped him express what has occurred from before. He is then invited to live with his Uncle Tommy in Sierra Leone, who is his next new dad figure. He is then increasingly certain about himself and offers his storys with the United Nations in New York. Which encourages him meet his temporary mother named Laura Simms who lights up his future and moves at that point lets him move to the United States with her. Ishmael afterward comes back to Freetown, Sierra Leone to live with Uncle Tommy again and keeping in mind that he is there the Civil War returns. His Uncle Tommys kicks the bucket and afterward Ishmael moves back to the United States to carry on with another life. While Ishmael was growing up he never truly had a genuine family. Be that as it may, he had numerous individuals to supplant being in his own family, who gave sanctuary and trust. The individuals who assumed a job were Lieutenant Jabati, Esther, Uncle Tommy, and Laura Simms. On the off chance that Ishmael had grown up with a family he would have likely been formed altogether different at that point experiencing the enduring he had experienced. What's more, Ishmael would have learned better things growing up with a family. During Ishmaels battle he finds a family figure which keeps him surving with very little assistance. The principal individual to assume a job as a relative is The Army Lietenant. He was found toâ be a dad figure to Ishmael since he instructs him to be a fighter by indoctrinating him with drugs. In the book it says, â€Å" The young men and different fighters who were the crowd applauded I was given the position of junior lieutenant. We commended that day’s achievment with more medications.. †(125). Likewise he had felt as a dad figure in light of the fact that simply like his dad before he had past away the Lieutenant cherished shakespeare. Another enormous point was that while he was a kid fighter and before that he had lost bunches of companions which had made him placed all his trust into the Lieutenant. Another point is that he had consistently given orders and this made him give regard. His last model is that he had eradicated Ishmaels name and transformed it into â€Å"Green Snake† which makes Ishmael fell like he had made a renewed individual and the former him was no more. These things had made Ishmael admire the Lieutenant as a tremendous dad figure however when the Lietenant had released him to UNICEF he had felt pitiful and sold out. Another family figure which Ishmael finds during his battle and discovering what his identity is was is his medical attendant Esther. Esther is an enormous part which encourages him endure becuase she gets him aâ walkman. The music is helping him mend and is helping him traverse his headaches from the medications that the Lieutenant made him utilize and the pernicious recollections he had. While letting out his feeling with Esther he is sparing himseld from himself in such a case that he had not let out his recollections the torment would remain with in him. Despite the fact that it was difficult for Ishmael to believe somebody in the wake of being deceived by the Lieutenant he had just because once more. It was simple for him since Esther had caused him to feel as him she was his mom or sister by helping him feel love and beingâ around a similar age as him. The third individual who had Ishmael been a family figure to Ishmael was his Uncle Tommy who he had gazed upward to as a dad figure. His Uncle Tommy began to visit him each weekened and began picking up trust. At the point when he was let out of recovery Uncle Tommy took him in like a child. The motivation behind why he had been a tremendous assistance in light of the fact that numerous individuals had thought about his past and would not like to take Ishmael in to there house realizing he had experienced a great deal and could snap however his uncle tommy had looked close to that and needed to give him a future. His Uncle Tommy needed to give him love, acknowledgment, and needed Ishmael to be a youngster again like he couldnt be. In the book it says â€Å"all I could consider was the disclosure of a family I never thought existed. I was glad, yet I had gotten acquainted with not demonstrating it† (178). This is demonstrating that ot had been making it significantly simpler for Ishmael to mend from the entirety of his horrendous past again however he had not recuperated up as far as possible yet. To wrap things up while Ishmael was at the United Nation Conference in New York city he had ran into a narrator named Laura Simms. After the gathering she had conversed with numerous kidsâ but had seen Ishmael as exceptionally uncommon. So when he returns to Sierra Leone she sends him cash and he moves back and she turns into his temporary mother. This had caused Ishmael to feel needed and adored once more. With the adoration that Laura had demonstrated him and sympathy it had made it simpler for ishameal to clear the barricade to trusting and having a decent future. She had additionally been a decent Foster mother on the grounds that despite the fact that she had known the sort of battle he had in the past she had still took him in to her protected and serene home. Taking everything into account the significance to having a family while growing up can shape your future andâ who you are. Ishmael had battled since he was twelve years of age and has had four unique individuals assume a family job in his life. It was either Lieutenant Jabati who was looked on as a dad figure, Esther who was taken a gander at as a sister and a mother, Uncle Tommy who was taken a gander at as a dad figure, and to wrap things up Laura Simms who was taken a gander at as a mother figure. I accept each kid should live in a house with a family and food supposing that it wasnt for these loved ones he would presumably not have made it to succed and be the place he is currently, a renewed individual.

51 Things I Want to Say to 2022s

51 Things I Want to Say to 2022s Dear Members of the Class of 2022, Its been an absolute pleasure to interact with you over the past six months, starting with all your wonderful questions and comments at the Early Action webcast. Ive enjoyed getting to know you online and in person, and I have loved your memes and inside jokes. Now that Im leaving the Institute, I feel confident that its in good hands with yall. Before I met you, one chilly autumn night at around 4am, I sat down to finally write down all the thoughts and pieces of advice Ive accumulated over my time here. I was somewhat inspired by Ben Jones legendary 50 Things post (which you should totally read!), but also by the Class of 2021s struggles to adjust to the Institute. This post, of course, wont make things easy for you, but I hope that some of these thoughts can help, even a little bit. As you submit your first MIT forms and choices, I wish you the best of luck. Please reach out if you have any questions. Also, Id love to hear your thoughts on any of the points below, even if they come when you are all crusty, jaded seniors like me. Stay in touch, friends. Talk to upperclassmen. They are your foremost resource on “how to MIT.” Actually get to know usâ€"first impressions aren’t always right, especially in nerd school. Everyone here has something to offer and something to learnâ€"it’s how every class year gets built by Admissions. In my freshman year 8.01 Physics I, my two groupmates would compete over the marker during group problem-solving time. They would compete over who has already done more of the problems. At first, I’d stand behind them and learn little. But as the semester went on, I realized that I could do algebra better than they did! So I became the person they’d call on midway to simplify their expressions, and I learned physics, as well as an important lesson. Remember to acknowledge both your knowledge and ignorance. My theory is that, at MIT, especially in the first year, people feel like either “a shit” or “the shit.” But the first year at MIT is a great equalizer. If you fall under either of the categories, brace yourself for lift-off or landing. Get to know your professors and UROP mentors. The best way to treat the Impostor Syndrome for me was to sit in on my UROP offices meetings. I listened with awe at the mentors around me discussing all the things that went into opening a new school. And I realized how little every single student around me knows compared to experts with years of experience. It was inspiring and freeing. Your Pass/No Record freshman fall grades are not predictors of future performance. Your first exam grades are not predictors of your  performance in the class. Whether you get 91% or 20% on your first exam (and I’ve gotten both), things may still change dramatically during the course of the semester. Don’t panic, don’t procrastinateâ€"I believe in you. The cut-off for an A might be 90%, or 70%, or lower, or higher, depending on the class. Don’t panic when you first see your grade. And rewire your brain to not think  a low number means failure. It gets better after the GIRs. For many, if not most, the General Institute Requirements are the hardest classes at MIT. It gets better when you start taking classes in your major that you enjoy (if it doesn’t get better, switch majors). Try a class in your area of interest before declaring a major. Once you declare a major at the end of freshman year, continue to take classes outside of your department. MIT has grading options such as Sophomore Exploratory or Junior/Senior P/D/F designed just for that. Use MIT support services such as S^3 or MIT Mental Health. You matter. You are not taking up too much of their time. Your problem is not less valid than someone else’s. And, lastly, you’ve paid for them, so make the most of your tuition. Besides, when else can you get completely free support and counseling? Make as many friends as possible during Residence Exploration and Freshman Orientation. Thats when people are most receptive to meeting each other. Disclaimer: I didn’t do that, and though I wish I’d branched out more before the start of classes, I have made the most wonderful friends at the Institute. Figure out how you study best: with or without people, music, or regular breaks, the night or the week before, with the help of practice problems or class notes, in the morning, evening, or night, outside or inside your room, on- or off-campus, etc. Do that, and don’t feel like there is a right choice. For example, practice exams just don’t do it for me, but reading through class notes the night before a morning exam does. Despite what my 9.01 Intro to Neuroscience professor claims is right for the brain. Also, know when to stop studying. At some point, it’s just more efficient to sleep. Sleep, not nap. Your body will get used to napping every day, and that’s a nuisance. Get off campus as much as possible. You’re living in one of the most fascinating areas in the United States. And you can get student discounts to performances, movies, museums, etc. Follow the November Rule: do not engage in romantic or sexual relations with upperclassmen before November 1st. Trust me, it’s for your own good. We want you to establish your own friend and support group before you get pulled into another person’s. In fact, try not to date anyone before November. As the East Campus Head of House says, do not move at 90 mph when you get here. I think he means not to rush into “adult” things when its “college no parents.” Don’t feel the pressure to get into relationships, have sex, drink, or otherwise lose your purity points. It’ll suck, and it’s not as cool as you think. Pace yourselves. Don’t listen to other freshmen when making your choices at MIT: choices around classes, dorms, majors, etc. Relatedly, listen to, but don’t be like the upperclassmen. Learn to cook now, while there are people around to help you. Try to do this even if you’re on a meal plan. Make a resume early, if you haven’t already. The MIT GECD office will help you craft the best resume possible. Go to Career Fair, even if you feel like there’s no hope for employment. The value of your high school experiences might surprise you. Get a job before you go broke in the spring. There are a range of positions for different levels of effort. You could get a UROP for pay, even as a frosh, or work at desk in your dorm and do your work while you’re at it. You could teach SAT Prep with ATI or tutor GIRs with the OME. You could do Tech Callers and call alumni for donations. There is a range of things freshmen can do on campusâ€"don’t give up hope. It’s ok to stay on campus over Thanksgiving. You can have a feast with your friendsâ€"more people stay over than you think. Invite your friends and neighbors into your life. Before you catch up on a popular TV show, get ice cream off-campus, or go out for a local concert, email out to see if anyone wants to join. Someone probably will. Relatedly, join people on outings when they email out. Take walks. Finish your PE classes. Use the free gyms and swimming pools. The freshman 15+ suck (although you shouldn’t feel guilty about them either). Find all the free stuff. Sign up for the reuse and free-food mailing lists. Go to Choose to Reuse events, and various on-campus fairs (my favorite is the Wellness Fair). Use MIT Medical and Mental Health as needed (almost all the services done in-house at Medical, now including birth control, are completely free). Off-campus, find out which museums offer free admission to students. You can even get a free Costco card for a day from the Institute. Go out to nature. I wish I’d done that more. Remain curious, even when life is hard. Attend lots of on-campus events while on Pass/No Record. Try to sign up for classes that require you to do that (I highly recommend 24.191 in the spring!). Follow the news and engage with friends about current events. Don’t let yourself settle in the bubble. Learn to be alone and enjoy it. Take yourself out for a nice dinner sometimes, or a cool place off-campus. There is almost nothing you can’t do by yourself. And you can’t be with someone until you can be alone. You will not be able to handle unlimited all-nighters. Most of my friends have fucked up their sleep schedules freshman year, and are now exhausted. Your body has a limited supply of energy, so try to use it wisely. Be prepared to study on your own, a lot. MIT classes often suffer from the Problem Set-Lecture Divergence Phenomenon. What that means is, in Lecture, you might learn parts of the cell, and in the following Problem Set, you might be required to cure a genetic disease. I am not exaggerating. For GIRs, ask around before you buy the textbooks. I’ve gotten all of mine from either my floor or the upperclassmen on my floor. The nice thing about GIRs is that we’ve all been through at least one. Don’t be intimidated by late-night discussions. We would love your input. Expect to change. Being prepared in college is way better than being decided. Come to your friends’ student group performances. In your freshman year, trying new things is a lot less awkward. So audition for a play, dance group, a capella group, or something else you’ve never tried. Here, it’s ok. Join pset parties sometimes even if you study best alone. Consider it “networking,” if you want, and that’s an essential skill. Make your room nice, even if you know you’ll move next year. Buy a poster or tapestry. Paint your room, if you can. Build a loft or shelf, if you can. Bring a stuffed toy or photographs from homeâ€"I promise it won’t look childish. Communicate with your roommate. Don’t let the bitterness accumulate. Discuss things like sleep, relationships, noise and cleanliness right away. I know it’s hard, but it’s an important skill, and it’s so worth it in the end. Even if you know you’ll move next year. Do laundry often. Get into a rhythm. I’m speaking as someone who didn’t do that, and someone who regrets it. Buy sweatpants, not nice jeans. Recognize and deal with MIT privilege early. Outside the bubble, things are very different. Remember how much you have. Buy tickets home early if you live far away. Try to keep a plant alive. Bamboo is a good optionâ€"it doesn’t require light. But try something more demanding as wellâ€"taking care of another will get you out of bed for sure. Don’t worry about memorizing department and building numbers, or relevant acronyms in advance. You’ll get caught up pretty quickly once you arrive. When you’ve been here for at least one semester, try to teach someone what you’ve learned. It might not feel that you learned anything from the firehose, but teaching is a way to recognize that’s false. Do not feel bad asking peers  for help. Weve all needed it at some point. And you can give back later. Learn at least some programming. It’s a magical skill. That said, you’ll probably be required to do it in your major anyway (even a social science major like Poli Sci). Be realistic about high school long-distance relationships. Theyre possible if you see a future together. But don’t feel the pressure to stay by default. It’ll take a lot of communication to get through, so make sure you can do it with the person. Hallcest is banned. Do not hook up or date someone from your living area. That’s pretty self-explanatory, I hope. Find the type of “relationship” that works best for you, whether it’s an open, monogamous, or polyamorous arrangement, friends with benefits, casual hook-ups, or nothing at all. MIT in general exerts less pressure to have a specific sort of “relationship,” so don’t feel like there’s one right way to do things. Your relationship with your parents will change. It can be scary or liberating. Either way, try to call them at least once a week if you’re in a good place. If not, call someone from back home. Your roots will continue to influence your life in college. Get involved in your living community: attend events with them, invite them out, help with cleaning or cooking, or just hang around and talk. MIT’s residential system is too special to miss out on “local” experiences. Love, Yul Post Tagged #50 Things #8.01 Physics I: Classical Mechanics #Freshman Orientation #GIRs #MIT Mental Health #MIT OME (Office of Minority Education) #PE #REX #S^3

Business Ethics Ethical And Ethical Issues - 1737 Words

Business ethics examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. Business ethics often encompasses many concerns such social responsibility, sustainability, labour practices and environmental development. Business ethics as a concept fundamentally applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the behavior of individuals and entire organizations. Desjardins (2011) suggests that business ethics is the study of business from an ethical viewpoint. It is about organisational conduct and the ethical consequences of business behaviour. Companies can define ethical business values by outlining clear examples of right or wrong, thus used as a way to guide the behavior of an organization. Carroll (1979) notes that the social responsibility of a business includes legal and ethical expectations that society has of organizations. Their legal responsibility is their obligations to fulfil their economic mission within the confines of th e law. Their ethical responsibility is to act as a way to maintain the license to operate (Carroll 1999) which is why core values of business should be in line with core values of society. The World Business Council for Sustainable Business states that businesses have and should have a continuing commitment to behave ethically (Holme and Watts, 2000). Market economies once became stagnant which is an external pressure of business ethics, the concept was no longer the focus of a duty to society orShow MoreRelatedBusiness Ethics : Ethical And Ethical Issues843 Words   |  4 Pages Business ethics is very important. Business ethics examines the moral and ethical issues that arise in a business enviroment. Ethical communication on the other hand allows the business to be honest with the customer. A business should not withhold information in order to sell a product. 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Freedom of Speech - 1252 Words

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The United States of America was founded in a great part due to the idea th at the states would be able to be created according to what different groups of people believed to be right. The greatest example of this is the difference in free states and slave states. The northern states had great economic prosperity based on farming and shipping. The southern states used slaves to become prosperous in farming and exporting goods to other countries. Together, the north and south were able to prosper, as a nation, because the states had common business interests, however, there wasShow MoreRelatedSpeech : Freedom Of Speech1364 Words   |  6 Pages Even though freedom of speech can be tricky, understanding what can be said under the first amendment is key. This will give you more confidence when you re talking about current events, it ll inhibit social interaction, but the biggest reason of all is understanding your rights will keep you out of jail. 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The synonymous term  freedom of expression  is sometimes used to indicate not only freedom of verbal speech but any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used. In practice, the right to freedom of speech is not absolute in any country and the right is commonly subject to limitations, such as on hate speech. The right to freedom of speech is recognized as a  humanRead MoreFreedom Of Speech : Speech And Expression898 Words   |  4 PagesWhen the words, â€Å"freedom of speech† are uttered today, it brings about much conflict and tension. The vagueness of the First Amendment is a pretty good indication of how different times were back when the Constitution and everything along with it were created. Back then, all the Founding Fathers wanted was the establish a democracy using the lessons they had learned from the tyranny of the British King. They wanted more freedom and power to the people. In the modern era, everything has changed, and

The Holocaust is often considered one of the darkest and...

The Holocaust is often considered one of the darkest and most heinous periods in modern history, however there are numerous accounts of heroism and selfless charity to emerge from the ashes. Despite the Nazi regime’s stranglehold on European affairs during a large part of the second world war, their radical and racially charged agenda was not universally accepted amongst German citizens and Nazi officials. The fear of strict punishment at the hands of the SS squashed popular outcry over the atrocities, but it did not stop the heroic acts of a few compassionate and unassuming individuals. One such hero is Oskar Schindler, a German industrialist who spearheaded an effort to protect his Jewish factory workers from the uncertain fate of the†¦show more content†¦In the winter of 1939-1940 he began operations with 4,000 square metres of floor space and a hundred workers, of whom seven were Jewish (Steinhouse) By the end of the first year the labour force expanded to 300, which included 150 Jews. By the end of 1942, the factory had grown tremendously, employing almost 800 men and women. The Jewish workers, now numbered 370 and all came from the Cracow ghetto the Germans had created. Schindler’s personal accountant Itzhak Stern recounted, It had become a tremendous advantage...to be able to leave the ghetto in the daytime and work in a German factory (Steinhouse). At first, there wasn’t a defined and apparent connection between Schindler and his Jewish employees, but word quickly spread though out the Cracow ghetto that Schindler’s had cultivated â€Å"an air of quasi-security...in the factory and the men soon sought permission to bring in families and friends to share in their comparative haven† (Steinhouse). Though Schindler was not apparent in his methods, behind the scenes he was pulling strings and falsifying company reports to protect the defenseless. †Å"Old people were recorded as being twenty years younger; children were listed as adults. Lawyers, doctors, and engineers were registered as metalworkers, mechanics, and draughtsmen--all trades considered essential to war production. Countless lives were saved in this manner as the workers were protected from the extermination commissions thatShow MoreRelated Myth of Propaganda in the Balkans and Rwanda Essay6707 Words   |  27 Pagesand conquest have been among the most enduring traits of humankind throughout the ages. While we would all like to believe that we are, by nature, a peaceful species, we still understand there are some things worth fighting for, and given the appropriate context, there are some things worth killing for. As reasoning beings, we hope that if violence is the only option it is for a clear and legitimate purpose. That is why it was so confounding to hear of such heinous acts of senseless violence as stories

Comparison Contrast Of Capabilities Competencies †Free Samples

Question: Discuss About The Comparison And Contrast Of Capabilities? Answer: Introduction In the modern era, the competition among businesses operating in hotel and hospitality industry has become highly intense. Furthermore, it is no longer easy for a company to attract new customers and retain the old ones (Ruetzler et al. 2014). Nowadays, organizations are required to adopt effective management practices to carry out the smooth functioning of all operations and business activities. The present study includes comparison and contrast of the capabilities and competencies required for three different job roles in front office department of Waiwo Dive Resort, Indonesia. The three different roles selected are night auditor, reservation manager, and assistant front office manager. The three different job roles in front office department of the organization Assistant front office manager- The person employed in this job role is also termed as deputy front office manager and reports to either general manager or to the front office manager (Bowen 2016). Furthermore, assistant front office manager plays a very important role in the absence of the front office manager in Waiwo Dive Resort, Indonesia. The assistant front office manager is responsible for ensuring the higher degree of satisfaction among clients or guest in the hotel. In addition to this, the manager also plays the vital role in managing proper coordination between back office and front office department within Waiwo Dive Resort, Indonesia. The manager is responsible for increasing sales and profitability of the business. In addition to this, assistant front office manager also is also responsible for dealing with issues linked to employee and customers (Albayrak Caber 2015). Overall management and motivation of employees working in Waiwo Dive Resort, Indonesia is also taken care by the manager. Night Auditor Front manager of the hotel is considered as the reporting authority of night auditor in the hotel. A person working on this position is required to carry out activities such as preparing Waiwo Dive Resorts cash summary, examining the overall accounting data and records of the hotel, tracking the financial records on a daily basis, etc. Posting of taxes and room charges in the account of guest staying in the hotel is also the key responsibility of night auditor (Andrews 2013). Assigning charges to their respective departments and cross checking the front office transaction with document evidence are also some important responsibilities which need to be accomplished by night auditor. Taking out the print and filling up of next day reservations in Waiwo Dive Resort, are some other roles associated with the position of night auditor in the hotel. Effective organizing skills are mandatory for a person working on job role of night auditor as these skills supports in managing the database and other essential reports in the best possible manner (Robinson et al. 2014). Reservation manager The reservation manager reports to front office manager of the hotel. Furthermore, the reservation manager is required to deliver fast, effective and adequate reservation services. It helps in achieving the higher degree of satisfaction among guests and thus contributes to the overall growth of hotel (Kang et al. 2015). The reservation manager works closely with the front office department of Waiwo Dive Resort, with an objective to developed and implement different working policies. The manager is also responsible for assigning the day to day task and activities to reservation staff working in the hotel. Other than this, the manager is responsible for enhancing the skill set and knowledge base of the reservation staff by carrying out different training programs. These training programs help employees to enhance their overall competencies and become more productive in terms of delivering fast, accurate and satisfactory services to all the hotel guests (Rao Sahu 2 013). Comparison and contrast of capabilities and competencies of three job roles Comparison and contrast of capabilities and competencies of three job roles Job Role Capabilities Competencies Assistant front office manager Welcoming guest and encouraging higher degree of customer loyalty Developing long term relation with hotel guest Dealing with issues and grievances of hotel clients or guest Understanding and satisfying the need/demand of customers Developing monthly and daily report Strong communication skills Effective management skills Problem solving abilities Result oriented Ability to develop strong bond and relation with customers Diploma in hotel and hospitality management Capable of developing pricing strategy Night Auditor Posting all charges Verification of the charges posted Auditing the charges posted and balance available Maintaining records of revenue generated through rooms, restaurant and calculating the occupancy percentage Attending the early morning calls Effective organizational skills Strong management skills Computer skills Ability to work on different software Generation of audit reports Satisfactory customer service Reservation manager Setting up rates by working with the sales team Revenue stream forecasting Managing the reservation staff Increasing the rate of customer guest satisfaction Knowledge about the international system of hotel Management of staff and hotel records Training skills Policy development Hotel management graduate from recognized university From the above-mentioned table, it has been analyzed that the capabilities and competencies for three different job roles have some similarities and differences. It can be stated that the selected three job positions in front office department require effective communication and management skills. Here, the management skills are essential because it helps employees to carry out the smooth flow of all operations and activities (Quintana, Park Cabrera 2015). In addition to this, management skills also support in accomplishing the targets of sales and profits of Waiwo Dive Resort. Another common capability required in the mentioned- above three roles is that all the selected roles focus on attaining the higher degree of customer satisfaction by meeting the need and demand of hotel guest. However, it can be critically argued that in certain competencies the selected roles contrast each other. For example job role such as assistant office manager demands competencies such as resulted ori ented and problem-solving skills. A person working as an assistant office manager should be able to deal with issues and queries of the hotel guest, and at the same time, he/she should be capable enough to resolve the same in the best possible manner (W ONeill McGinley 2014). In addition to this, assistant office manager should be capable enough to develop the overall pricing strategy of Waiwo Dive Resort, and this competency is not required in job roles such as night auditor and reservation manager. On the other side of this, the role such as night auditor also require some other competencies which are not demanded by other selected job roles. It can be justified by the example that a night auditor needs to be competent enough to work on various software and at the same time he/she should be able to generate various audit report (Gummesson 2014). The job role of reservation manager demands competencies such as knowledge and understanding about international hotel system and this competency is not mandatory for job roles such as assistant front office manger and night auditor. However, it can be expressed that the similarity between the selected three job roles in Waiwo Dive Resort, is that all these roles demand a minimum qualification i.e. graduation in hotel and hospitality management from a recognized college or university. Apart from this, work experience is also required to get the position of night auditor, reservation manager and assistant front office manager in Waiwo Dive Resort, Indonesia. Conclusion From the above carried out study, it can be concluded that the job roles such as night auditor, reservation manager, and assistant front office manager in the front office department have certain similarities and differences. Furthermore, management and communication skills are the core and common competencies required to accomplish the selected three different job roles.; References Albayrak, T Caber, M 2015, 'Prioritisation of the hotel attributes according to their influence on satisfaction: A comparison of two techniques', Tourism Management, vol 46, pp. 43-50. Andrews, S 2013, Hotel front office: A training manual., Tata McGraw-Hill Education, New York. Bowen, DE 2016, 'The changing role of employees in service theory and practice: An interdisciplinary view', Human Resource Management Review, vol 26, no. 1, pp. 4-13. Gummesson, E 2014, 'Productivity, quality and relationship marketing in service operations: A revisit in a new service paradigm', International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol 26, no. 5, pp. 656-662. 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